天禄永昌
故宫博物院藏瑞鹿文物特展
时 间 :2017.09.26-2018.02.28 地 点 :永寿宫
一只鹿在空旷的原野上，发出了呦呦的鸣声，此起彼应，悦耳动听。太平盛世，仁爱的德音回响大地。
金秋时节，在故宫永寿宫将为您叙说一场有关鹿的故事。
天刚蒙蒙亮，在晨雾笼罩的树丛中，哨鹿人头顶鹿角，身披鹿皮，肩扛鹿哨，吹出了一阵阵惟妙惟肖的雄鹿声，吸引来了雌鹿，还有其后尾随的雄鹿，一场盛大的狩猎活动开始了。
木兰围场，树林浓密，水草丰美，鹿禽群集。夏末秋初，白露前后，清代皇帝亲率王公大臣、八旗勇士千余人，至此处行围捕猎，“会同诸侯”，史称“木兰秋狝”。
木兰秋狝自康熙皇帝设立木兰围场之时起，渐成定制，于乾隆、嘉庆两朝成为必行遵从的祖宗家法与国家礼制。以狩猎的方式，娴熟骑射，整饬武备，怀柔蒙古、巩固边疆。
鹿与“禄”谐音，天禄永昌，语出《论语》“天禄永终”，以“昌”代“终”，祈求天福常临、国祚永昌。
鹿是瑞兽、仁兽，为配合展览，故宫博物院与承德市文物局合作，特地从避暑山庄挑选9只活鹿，攸伏于慈宁宫花园之中，以为祥瑞。
A deer in the open country calls out. An ear-pleasing echo is heard. It is a time of peace and prosperity, a time when the sounds of virtue and benevolence can be heard throughout the land.
This autumn, come to the Palace of Immortality at the Palace Museum and hear the fantastic story of the deer.
The dawn sky begins to brighten. Within the fog-wreathed trees, a deer whistler, clad with antlers on his head, a deer skin draped about his body, and a whistle slung over his shoulder, produces a succession of calls. These calls are so like that of the animal itself that the nearby does give him their attention. They approach the whistler—as do the bucks that have been pursuing them. So begins the magnificent deer hunt of old.
The Mulan Paddock, where deer and birds gather, is dense with trees and water-weeds. In late summer and early autumn (around the time of the fifteenth solar term, the 'White Dew'), the Qing emperors and their entourages of over a thousand (including princes, dukes, ministers, and bannermen) came here to engage in an annual deer hunt known as the 'Mulan Autumn Hunt'.
This tradition began during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor, who established the Mulan Paddock as a hunting ground. Over time, it became a fixed annual event. By the time of the Qianlong and Jiaqing Emperors, the Mulan Autumn Hunt had evolved into an indispensable state ritual and an expression of ancestral piety. It was also a means of sharpening riding and shooting skills, organizing the imperial arsenal, appeasing the Mongolians, and solidifying the Qing government’s control of the border.
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